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ImmunoAnalysis. 2022;2: 7.
doi: 10.34172/ia.2022.07
  Abstract View: 657
  PDF Download: 186

Original Research

Phylogenetic and Immune Epitope Analysis of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Chronic Carriers from Tabriz, Northwest of Iran

Fatemeh Ebrahimi 1,2 ORCID logo, Mahin Ahangar Oskoee 1,2, Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi 1,2, Javid Sadeghi 2, Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaei 2, Omid Gholizadeh 1,2, Nader Mohammadzadeh 3, Ahmad Dashti 3, Vahdat Poortahmasebi 1,2* ORCID logo

1 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3 Central Laboratory of East Azerbaijan Province, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Corresponding Author: Vahdat Poortahmasebi, Email: , Email: vahdat2011@gmail.com

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this investigation was to specify the genotypes and subtypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by phylogenetic analysis and to investigate the mutations in the S gene region in chronic patients with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive.

Methods: In the present study, Serum sample of 95 patients with chronic HBV infection were subjected. Nested polymerase chain reaction was used for detection of HBV DNA. The S gene region of the DNA isolates was subjected to direct sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

Results: Genotype D was present in all isolates, and the predominant subtype was ayw2 (94.7%), followed by three isolates, ayw3 (3.1%), and two isolates, ayw4 (2.1%). There were totally 169 nucleotide changes. Eighty-one (47.92%) were missense, while 88 (52.07%) were silent. None of the nucleotide or amino acid changes were seen in 31 (32.6%) patients. Eight (8.4%) of the 95 samples had at least one mutation in the HBsAg “a” determinant region. Fifty-eight (71.6%) of the 81 amino acid changes in the surface protein occurred in immunological epitopes, with 16 (27.5%) occurring in B cell epitopes, 17 (29.3%) in T helper epitopes, and 25 (43.1%) in internal cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes.

Conclusion: This investigation demonstrated that the genotype D is the prevalent genotype in Eastern Azerbaijan province, similar to other Iranian areas and Mediterranean nations. Furthermore, the highest rate of mutation of antigenic epitopes occurred in the T lymphocyte epitopes of our patients.

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Submitted: 13 Oct 2022
Revision: 12 Dec 2022
Accepted: 13 Dec 2022
ePublished: 25 Dec 2022
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